ExplanationCalculusIntro2D Graphing

Why continuity and differentiability are different concepts

Differentiability is stronger than continuity. A graph can be unbroken at a point and still fail to have a derivative there if the local shape has a corner, cusp, or vertical tangent.

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The graph makes the distinction immediate. The parabola is both continuous and differentiable, while is continuous but has a corner at the origin where no single tangent slope exists.

One implication works, the other does not

If a function is differentiable at a point, then it is automatically continuous there. The derivative gives such strong local control that the function value cannot jump or tear.

But continuity alone only says the graph is unbroken. It does not say the graph has a single well-defined slope at that point.

What the corner in shows

The function is continuous at because the left-hand and right-hand values both meet at the same point. Nothing breaks in the graph.

Yet the slopes coming from the two sides disagree: the left-hand slope is and the right-hand slope is . Because those two tangent directions do not match, the derivative at does not exist.

What differentiability adds

Differentiability says more than 'the graph meets up.' It says the function has a good local linear approximation at the point.

That is why smooth-looking curves like are differentiable at the origin while cornered graphs like are not. Continuity is about staying connected; differentiability is about having one coherent local slope.

Common Pitfall

A graph that is unbroken is not automatically differentiable. Corners, cusps, and vertical tangents can all preserve continuity while destroying the derivative.

Try a Variation

Graph and compare it with . Is the graph continuous at ? Does it have a finite tangent slope there?

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